Cecil Pigou and Franco Modigliani objected that if demand were successfully increased, the money wage level would rise, catch up to demand, and thus push employment back down to its previous level. Employment cannot be sustained above its equilibrium path by inflating effective demand.

In the context of a recovering world economy, and given a sustained surge in demand from developing countries, particularly from China, India and countries of Latin America, world demand for oil grew steadily in 2004.

Recent domestic demand expansion in Lebanon is not likely to be sustained at the pace of 2004, especially after the more recent loss of confidence.

Accelerating wage growth implies that the economy is now at a point at which increases in demand created by easier monetary policy or expansionary fiscal policy would not achieve a sustained rise in output and employment. Instead, this demand would be channeled into higher wages and prices.

WASHINGTON , DC China has weathered the Great Recession well. The world now waits to see if last year s impressive domestic demand growth can be sustained, and if China can, in the words of Prime Minister Wen Jiabao, give full play to the leading role of consumer demand in driving economic growth.

But the opposite of the excessive consumption model excessive reliance on investment to generate aggregate demand is also a self limiting growth pattern. When the private and social returns of investment diminish too much, growth cannot be sustained indefinitely, even though rising investment rates can sustain aggregate demand for a while.

For example, the secular stagnation theory claims that low interest rates tell the true story. The global economy is suffering from a chronic demand shortfall, which can be remedied through sustained growth in government spending.

The first key factor is deleveraging and the resulting shortfall in aggregate demand. Since the financial crisis began in 2008, several developed countries, having sustained demand with excessive leverage and consumption, have had to repair both private and public balance sheets, which takes time and has left them impaired in terms of growth and employment.

Sustained budget deficits crowd out private investment, push up long term real interest rates, and increase the burden on future taxpayers. But they do not cause inflation unless they lead to excess demand for goods and labor.

At the heart of their concerns is the lack of sustained demand needed to drive growth. While structural reforms particularly on the supply side are required in developed and developing countries, they are not sufficient to address what former US Treasury Secretary Larry Summers has called secular stagnation that is, the difficulty of sustaining sufficient demand to permit normal levels of output.

These measures cannot be sustained.

Greater strategic focus for sustained results

However, sustained progress will require the following.

It must be actively sustained by all.

Energy demand

Demand reduction

Demand reduction

Demand reduction

Other urban facilities will also be in strong demand, because China s urban population will continue to increase massively for the foreseeable future. Given that the urbanization ratio is still quite low, at 48 , a relatively high investment in infrastructure may be sustained for a long time.

Favourable external factors, including low dollar interest rates, the expansion of regional tourism and a sustained increase in worker remittances and other income transfers, resulted in healthy domestic demand growth, which drove the real GDP growth rate up to 4.9 per cent, the highest since 2000.

He hoped that that trend would be sustained.

(a) Achieving higher, sustained and equitable economic growth

Demand or Supply?

Netanyahu s Useless Demand

Price reflects demand.

Drug demand reduction

Drug demand reduction

Demand savings accounts

But these incremental changes in Japan's military capacity and policies, though necessary and effective, can be sustained only with a clear national consensus on the country's defense interests. The international community's demand that Japan participate directly in resolving global tensions has helped, by changing the terms of domestic debate.

The renminbi s gradual yet sustained appreciation against the US dollar is the cost shock s main driver, but the demand shock that followed the 2008 global financial crisis aggravated the situation. It is likely that TFP has declined substantially as China s economy has slowed in response to these shocks.

These have similar wave forms. They're both sustained instruments.

Successful reintegration of ex combatants requires sustained development assistance.

Supply, demand, big opportunity.

It's risk and demand.

And thirdly, public demand.

The demand is huge.

World demand and supply

In the first sentence, insert and social after sustained economic .

In order to achieve those objectives, we need sustained efforts.

We call for sustained IAEA cooperation in those important areas.

Adham Hassan Al Shaalan (died from wounds sustained December 2002)

But growth will not be sustained unless it is inclusive.

Growth will not be sustained if we neglect the environment.

Mohamad Masbah Ghannam (from wounds sustained on 13 7 2005)

We must reduce energy demand.